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Engine Construction
Exhaust valves
Open to discharge combustion gases from the cylinders.
Cylinder head
The indented lower surface forms the upper portion of the combustion chamber.
Intake valves
Open to draw the air-fuel mixture into the cylinders.
Camshaft
Driven by timing belt or chain. It opens and closes the intake and exhaust valves.
Timing belt/chain
Synchronizes the rotation of the camshafts, which open and closes the intake/exhaust valves, with the movement of the crankshaft.
Pistons
Move up and down in the cylinder as a result of receiving the pressure created by the explosion of the air-fuel mixture.
Oil pan
Receptacle for engine oil.
Crankshaft
Converts the up-and-down motion of the piston into rotational motion via the connecting rods. This motion is transferred to the transmission which makes the vehicle move.